What type of sampling technique was used (for example, stratified, clustered, random, convenience, or systematic)? Why was this technique used? How were the subjects contacted? Was this method appropriate?

Evaluating studies

Review a variety of polls on the site.

Choose a poll to report on that closely aligns to your field of study or area of professional interest.

Review the information in the Survey Methods section of the article. This section details how the study was conducted. Also, study all information contained in additional links at the bottom of this section. You will use this information to complete your assessment.

Then, answer the following questions about the Gallup poll you selected:

What was the purpose of the poll? Write a brief summary. Include the title and link to the article within your summary.

What were the population and sample? Why is this sample appropriate for the population? What was the sample size? Was the sample size large enough to reflect the opinions of the population?

Were the results parameters or statistics? Why?

What type of sampling technique was used (for example, stratified, clustered, random, convenience, or systematic)? Why was this technique used? How were the subjects contacted? Was this method appropriate?

What was the confidence interval and margin of error? Interpret what the confidence interval means as it relates to the context of the survey.

What were the exact questions asked? Do you think the wording of the questions influenced the participants’ responses?

Did you find any evidence of bias in the poll? If so, describe the source of the bias. If not, how was bias avoided?

What is naturalistic observation? How does a researcher collect data when conducting naturalistic observation research?

Review Questions
1. What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative approaches to studying behavior?
2. What is naturalistic observation? How does a researcher collect data when conducting naturalistic observation research?
3. Why are the data in naturalistic observation research primarily qualitative?
4. Distinguish between participant and nonparticipant observation; between concealed and nonconcealed observation.
5. What is systematic observation? Why are the data from systematic observation primarily quantitative?
6. What is a coding system? What are some important considerations when developing a coding system?
7. What is a case study? When are case studies used? What is a psychobiography?
8. What is archival research? What are the major sources of archival data?
9. What is content analysis?